Study suggests fun may deter Alzheimer's

Experts say seniors ought to have fun
By Kathleen Fackelmann
Reprinted from USA TODAY - June 18, 2003

Seniors who line dance the night away, play bridge or a musical instrument may be doing more than just having fun: A new study suggests that these active seniors may be warding off the risk of developing dementia, including Alzheimer's.

The study, out today in The New England Journal of Medicine, adds to the scientific evidence suggesting that mentally challenging activities may offer protection against Alzheimer's, a progressive brain disease that afflicts 4 million Americans.

Joe Verghese and his colleagues at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the Bronx studied 469 people age 75 and older that did not have any sign of forgetfulness at the study's start. The researchers asked the recruits how often they participated in leisure activities such as chess or crossword puzzles. They also kept track of the people who developed mild forgetfulness or full-blown dementia during the study.

The team discovered that the most active people overall had a 63% lower risk of developing dementia compared with people who said they hardly ever played cards, line danced or did other such activities.
USE YOUR HEAD
Seniors can greatly cut their risk of dementia by engaging in various activities several times a week*.
A few examples:

* Reading - 35% reduced risk
* Playing a musical instrument - 69%
* Dancing frequently - 76%

SOURCE: New England Journal of Medicine
*NOTE: Compared with people who rarely participate in these activities. People who played the hardest gained the most: For example, seniors who did crossword puzzles four days a week had a 47% lower risk of dementia than those who did the puzzles once a week.

Line dancing also offered a hedge against dementia although in general physical activity did not. For example, the researchers found no protection associated with playing golf or tennis. But just a few seniors in the study played golf or tennis so that finding may not hold true, Verghese cautions.

Any mentally challenging activity, like learning a new dance step, might spur the brain to establish new connections or perhaps to grow new brain cells, says Gary Small at the University of California-Los Angeles. The extra brainpower may compensate for any loss of brain cells because of a disease process such as Alzheimer's.

The "use it or lose it" theory of successful aging has yet to be proven scientifically, says Bill Thies of the Alzheimer's Association in Chicago. Still this is one time the experts aren't waiting for proof: Thies, Small and Verghese all recommend building fun, mentally challenging activities into daily life.